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There are several terms frequently used in the printing world, probably not important to memorize it but it's good to know that one day you could be dealing with the world of printing, at least take care of printing project you are working. your not so busy to seek clarification from the printing, including:
1. Additive Color namely the primary colors of RED, GREEN and BLUE when merging the three colors will produce white.
2. Ie, unwanted color cast is undesirable color effects such as Yellowish and bluish
3. CMYK color model is influenced by the pigment of the ink and paper used
4. Color Management System (CMS) is a software system that is used to get consistent color from input & output devices are different so that the image will be in accordance with the original mold.
5. Print Gravure is a printing technique that uses a cylinder as a reference print.
6. Fleksografi Print is a printing technique that uses a reference printing plate of rubber or photopolymer.
7. Continuous Tone is a tone image is composed of very fine money
8. Offset Print is a printing technique using a flat plate print reference sebgai
9. Duotone is a process of mixing two colors are generally composed of a mixture of black color and special color or process color
10. Digital Printing is a printing technology without going through the process but the process of making the reference directly from digital data.
11. Delta E is the total value of two jangkuan color difference in CIELAB
12. FM screening is a method of image reproduction Diman done with the same great point but the distance is different.
13. Color gamut is a color that is able to limit generated by an object
14. High key is the image that has high total distribution on the part highlightnya
15. Hue is the color itself, such as red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, etc.
16. Halftone is the tone of an image formed from the raster dots of various sizes to fit the tone that represents.
17. ICC profile is a data that contains the characteristics and information from an equipment (ICC profile is the result of calibration)
18. Moire is a pattern we do not want the printed images, resulting from different arrangements between two or more of a raster.
19. Low Keys is an image that has high total distribution in the shadow.
20. Lightness is the brightness value of a color
21. Metamerisme is an effect where the same two things seemed certain when illuminated by light but it looks different when illuminated by other light.
22. Progressive Proof is a print made using single-color offset printing and is commonly used as an actual proof before printing.
23. Rossate is the pattern formed when all four color halftone screens are placed together in each corner rasternya.
24. Screen Printing is a printing technique that uses a silk screen printing as a reference
25. Saturation is the intensity of a color / saturation color
26. Color is secondary subtractive color from the color additive that is made up of cyan, magenta, yellow formed from the offset, paint, photo etc.
27. Spot Color is a color special / special color is used because of the limited color process
28. Spectrophotometer is a tool to measure the light that dipantulkam / transmitted through the color spectrum and is used for the manufacture of printing profile, either offset or printing.
29. Screen Angle is the angle raster used in print reproduction
30. Web Offset printing machine is a type commonly used to print newspapers.
Metal casting process is to form a metal object by pouring metal into a mold search. Prints can be made from sand, ceramic, or metal.
In choosing a casting technique we have to look at products like what we want to produce, how the workload, whether the product is a mass product, and consideration of the sale price. All that to ensure the effectiveness of the foundry that we make.
Sand mold has the advantage of a molding process is relatively easy and inexpensive, but it raises some risks such as entry of the grains of sand to the mixture of liquid steel, which would certainly cause a loss in terms of product properties. Another disadvantage of casting with sand mold (sand casting) is a molder that is disposable, so when you finish used to mengecor the mold must be destroyed, can not be reused. However this process is still relatively cheap considering the price of silica sand, as printed materials, not too high. Casting with sand molds also require a riser which is a provision for the molten metal during cooling. Riser will be discarded at the end of the process, it makes casting with sand molds to be less efficient because there should be metal is wasted.
Certainly not suitable sand molds used to create mass products very much because it can only be used once. Therefore, permanent mold is used which uses high temperature resistant metal (Heat Resisting metals) as a molder.
Casting with permanent mold can also be done while giving the load of molten metal so that this process is called printing-press process. Results of this press printing process has several advantages over casting with sand molds which have a density greater product and avoid the possibility of entry of impurities into the molten metal. Examples of casting products metal frames are printed using a piston motor vehicles, and front suspension fork for a motorcycle.
Another type is a precision casting foundry. The product has a very tight dimensional tolerances, smooth surfaces, and usually form a complex. This process requires a fairly high cost, limited to small objects, and high difficulty level. Examples of these are the lost wax casting precision casting (investment casting).
Want to have a business department printing or printing one stop shopping like Snappy, Fertile etc? Try to consider carefully the following entries, which is the sum disukusi and sharing the experiences of some members of the mailing list last week's World Entrepreneur of the digital printing business, photocopy, graphic design, internet cafe is also computer rental.
Determine target audience
For example:
For people who need fast printing such as invitations, business cards, presentations, brochures, etc.. Of course, instant alias must be awaited because it uses digital printing rescissory long-conventional process. This will require substantial capital for digital printing machine such as a Snapy countless hundreds of millions. Maybe it could also reduce costs through leasing or credit to the bank for the purchase of printers, computers, etc..
One member recounts Mailing DW opened the printing business that started from the received settings first, before spreading to other processes alias does not directly open a business with a large scale.
In general, large capital will certainly make it easier to do business. However, it does not mean a small capital will hamper business. Can be started from the first networking while looking for investors, customers, partners and suppliers.
With an initial capital of Rp. 10jt to open a digital printing business, it will take some of the following:
A P4 computer with graphical specification (second purchase cheaper) to Rp. 4jt
A laser printer to make a film screen printing USD. 1jt
A scanner USD. 500k
An inkjet printer (brand A4 size up to search for the beginning, but looking for a quality refill ink, to avoid the catridge is often damaged due to poor quality of ink) to Rp. 500k
The rest is to rent a place, the procurement of paper and a little promotion.
Employees
Surely there must be intelligent design. Can the two options. Hire someone who is already good at first to be able to learn and teach each other (not cheap for knowledge with other employees) or indeed to learn from the very beginning. Includes job specifications (examples):
1. Design images, edit photos, design banner,
2. Making rubber stamps, screen printing letterhead, business cards, envelopes
3. Print brochures, flyers and other printed matter.
Other input states that for graphic design problem, note the existence of two classes of graphic design: the operator or designer who is creative.
Usually a computer operator can do graphics work, but (mostly) for the work's setting. This does not need formal education, can be self-taught, which is important know / know graphics programs.
Sometimes graphic work can not be done by your graphics like this, but need creative designers seorangg one of its tasks is to create a concept design.
Salaries will vary quite a distance from your graphics. For those who already champion, his salary could reach Rp. 5jt.
There will be cases where the customer wants a design that fit their own desires so that when the designers are working on, customers will come sit beside him to comment or express desires. The point, rather than create a design concept for the customer but the concept worked. For cases like this, the salary is not as creative design.
In addition, there are employees who are not salaried, but sharing the results of their work by 40% (1 staff, 1 computer, 1 scan, 1 printer) if averaged salaries for graphic design (2 people) each received Rp. 1jt-1, 5 jt monthly. Meanwhile, for a carpenter and handyman type screen printing on average @ Rp. 400rb-700rb/bulan,
Venue Hire
This depends on the location. For example the main street rent USD. 7jt / year. There is also the location rather go into the alley, then the rent was "only" USD. 4 jt / year.
Service is generally provided:
1. Card name
2. Invitation card.
3. Typing
4. Settings and design brochures, photo reproductions.
5. Scan images.
6. Print color
7. Making stamp
8. Memorandum, letterhead and print to screen printing. etc.
Color laser printing with a bit expensive compared to screen printing or order to the printer, but the excess is to accept bookings for example, only 1 sheet only (more save more money) because not all customers want to order in large quantities. sometimes the only message 10 sheets for proof or examples.
One member of the mailing list engaged in this effort could also share the monthly cost problems in running the business:
1. Procurement Kwarto paper, Folio, A4. Each takes two reams per month (depending on the ordered items and jobs)
2. Electricity USD. 150rb - 200rb
3. Phone USD. 150rb - 200rb
4. Security Rp. 20rb
5. Refill ink two printers (which kulitas no 1 for Rp. 35rb/warna)
6. Refill ink jet laser Rp.125rb (could be discharged in 1-2 months, depending on usage)
Virtually digital printing business is one type of business that is the favorite, and consequently, among others, a lot of competition. But this is considered not an obstacle because the most important is the quality of work, the variations we can handle the job as well as excess friendly service, smooth and ready to help.
When Pak Taufik died of newly purchased cars collided, then the 'left' is not just a new car badly damaged, but also a widow with orphans 2 people. In addition, there are still 10 years remaining mortgage expenses, plus the burden of an existing credit card debt. Unimaginable how big financial burden to be borne by the young widow, who had only rely on income from the husband's income. How it is with the future of her two children are funny-funny? Bagaimakah with future studies, which require a lot of cost? How it is with living expenses that must be paid for everyday purposes?
The above is not a true story, but not impossible can be experienced by anyone. Did not have many examples around us, families who originally live in peace had been neglected simply because of critical illness, permanent disability or even death befalling the breadwinner. If so, then how the anticipation?
From the Islamic point of view, help and sympathize them the unfortunate is a liability. Various verses of the Quran suggests that, among others, in surat Al-Baqarah verse 177 and the letter of Al-Maa'un verses 1-7. All this is a form of concern for others, as well as indications of devotion to God Almighty. Did not the Prophet Muhammad has said that people of faith with each other is like building a mutually reinforcing, so that if one part suffers pain, then other parts of the body will also feel it.
In addition, Allah also calls attention to our serious effort to not leave the weak generation (Surat An-Nisa: 9), good faith, intellectual, economic and physical.
The issue is, how noble guidance is implemented and institutionalized, so it can cover more audiences, in addition to assistance or benefits provided sufficient means to empower or restore their financial conditions are overwritten by disasters.
Sharia Insurance
The noble teachings of Islam commands us to sympathize people who lost their possessions, death of relatives, and other calamities. Such actions are a form of concern and solidarity (itsar), as well as mutual assistance (ta'awun) among members of the community, both Muslim and non-Muslims. In this way, a sense of brotherhood (ukhuwah) will be more solid. Those who are not overwhelmed with grief stricken disaster that drag on and not fall into despair, even avoid the possibility of living in impoverished or lose the future. However, in ways helpful and even then must be in line with sharia (Sura 42: 13). They should not contain elements of gharar (uncertainty), maysir (chancy), usury, and other things that are immoral. Premises other words, ta'awun be placed on the values of devotion to virtue, and not a violation of Islamic law that can lead to conflict or hostility. This was as the command of Allah in surat Al-Maidah: 2: "Mutual help menolonglah you in righteousness and piety, and do not you guys mutual help each other in sin and enmity"
Islamic insurance is an alternative system, to be exact replacement, for patterns that apply to conventional insurance or contract of exchange systems that are not in line with Islamic law. In Islamic insurance system, each participant intends to mutual assistance to each other by setting aside some funds as a contribution virtue (tabarru '). These funds are used to sympathize anyone among participants who experienced disaster insurance. So it was not in the form of an exchange agreement dianatara two parties, but a mutual agreement for mutual assistance (takaafuli) among all participants.
All premium funds collected are managed by the company to invest, re-insurance, distribution of insurance benefits, and distribution of operating surplus. For all these management services, the company asked for contributions of participants whose numbers must be approved by the participants, as well as part of the operating surplus as agreed with the company's percentage of participants who nisbahnya determined from the outset.
Solidarity, Transparency, and Consistency
The phenomenon of Islamic insurance is a unique phenomenon (al-ghuraba) in the middle of a capitalistic economic currents and individualistic. Financially, the system allows the acquisition of Islamic insurance (benefits) the better. Simultaneously, the spirit of solidarity was fostered through the contributions of virtue (tabarru ') insurance participants.
Tabarru system 'and for the results (mudaraba) stipulated in the operational pattern of Islamic insurance requires transparency in the funding status and its management. Similarly, in terms of contribution to the management fee, which set aside a bit of a premium the first year alone, clearly defined and become part of the deal participants. Therefore, since the beginning of the participants have a clear component disetorkannya premiums, namely tabarru '(dues kabajikan), savings (absolute rights of participants), and the contribution of management fees (30% first year premium). In addition, participants can see the progress from time to time in the development of the policy cash value, namely the accumulation of savings and for the results. Therefore, when the participant intends to resign in the agreement for any reason, the cash value that can be received can be calculated in value and clear the source (derived from savings and for the result). Similarly, death claims received by the heir of the participants, consisting of insurance benefits or compensation virtue (sourced from tabarru-tabarru 'participants), the savings that have been deposited in the savings and profit sharing.
In terms of investment, in addition to considerations of profitability, business compliance with the provisions of sharia is a determinant of investment decisions. Therefore, the role of the Sharia Supervisory Board to be very important in the dynamics of development of Islamic insurance business, things that are not found in conventional insurance.
Finally, it is not wrong to say that Islamic insurance operations as described above and Sharia Supervisory Board's involvement in the whole chain of activities and Islamic insurance products illustrate the consistency of sharia as a system ta'awun (cooperative mutual assistance) which is based on value- Islamic values.
