Graphic Design History Timeline

Graphic design growing rapidly along with the development history of human civilization as found in the writing and printing machine. Travel design and style of Latin letters was introduced in the early heyday ROMAN empire. Glory of the Roman empire in the first century who managed to conquer Greece, bringing a new civilization in Western history with diadaptasikannya literary, artistic, religious, and the Latin alphabet that was brought from Greece. At first only Latin alphabet of 21 letters: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, V, and X, then Y and Z are added in the Latin alphabet to accommodate a word derived from Greek. Three additional letters J, U and W included in medieval Latin alphabet bringing the total to 26.

When the college was first established in Europe in the early second millennium, the book becomes a very high demands. Print technology have not found at that time, so that a book should be copied by hand. It is said to copying a book can take many months. In order to meet the demanding needs copying an increasing variety of books as well as to accelerate the work of the copyists (scribes), it gives birth Script Blackletter letter, a lowercase created with form of thin-thick and thin. Efficiency can be met through the form of this letter because ketipis tebalannya to accelerate the work of writing. In addition, with advantage of the beautiful and slender, the letters can ditulisakan in greater numbers on one page book.

blackletter
Gb.1. Black Letter Script

The following are important events in the history of graphic design. Johannes Gutenberg (1398-1468) discovered the print engine technology that can be driven in the year 1447 with a design resembling the pressure model used in the Rhineland, Germany to produce wine. This is a revolutionary development that allows the production of books in bulk at low cost, which became part of the explosion of information during the European renaissance.

blackletter
Gb.2. Johannes Gutenberg (1398-1468)
1851, The Great Exhibition

Held at London's Hyde park between May and October 1851, at the time of industrial revolution. This major exhibition highlighting the culture and industry and celebrate the industrial technology and design. The exhibition was held in the building of the structure of iron-cast and glass, often called the Crystal Palace, designed by Joseph Paxton.

great-exhibition
Gb.3. Illustration-great Crystal Palace exhibition
great-exhibition
Gb.4. Books from the Great Exhibition of optical
1892, Aristide Bruant, Toulouse-Lautrec

Post-Impressionist painter and illustrator art nouveau France, Henri Toulouse-Lautrec depicts many facets of Paris in the nineteenth century in posters and paintings that express a sympathy for the human race. Although lithography was found in Austria by Alois Senefelder in 1796, Toulouse-Lautrec helped achieve the smelting industry and the arts.

Aristide
Gb.5. Aristide Bruant poster
1910, Modernism

Modernism was shaped by urbanization and industrialization of Western society. A dogma is a breath of modern design is "Form Follow Function" of the catapult by Louis Sullivan.Symbol kejayan strongest of modernism is the engine that is also interpreted as a future for his followers. Design without decor more suited to the 'machine language', so that the works of the tradition of ornamental and decorative considered incompatible with the 'machine aesthetic'
1916, Dadaisme

An art and literary movement (1916-23) which developed following the First World War and are looking to find a genuine reality until the abolition of traditional culture and aesthetic forms. Dadaism bring new ideas, directions and ingredients, but with little uniformity. The principle is that impossibilities are deliberate, cynical and anarchic nature, and rejection of laws of beauty.
1916, De Stijl

The force comes from the Dutch De Stijl is an art and design movement that developed in a magazine of the same name founded by Theo Van Doesburg. De Stijl using strong rectangular form, using basic colors and use the asymmetrical composition. The picture below is Red and Blue Chair designed by Gerrit Rietveld.

dstijl
Gb.8. The Red and Blue Chair
1918, Constructivism

A modern art movement that began in Moscow in 1920, which is characterized by the use of industrial methods to create geometric objects. Russian Constructivism influence on modern views through the use of sans-serif letters in red and black arranged in an asymmetrical block. Gamabr below is a model of the Tatlin Tower, a monument to the Communist International.

Constructivism
Gb.9. The model of the Tatlin Tower
1919, Bauhaus

Bauhaus opened in 1919 under the direction of renowned architect Walter Gropius. Until finally to be closed in 1933, Bauhaus started a fresh approach to design follow Duni First War, with a style that focused on function rather than decoration.

Bauhaus
Gb.10. Bauhaus Building
1928-1930, Gill Sans

Tipograper Eric Gill studied at the Edward Johnston Underground font type and refine into a Gill Sans. Gill Sans is a sans serif typeface with classic proportions and graceful geometric characteristics that give it a wide range of abilities (great versatility.)

Gill-Sans
Gb.11. Photo Eric Gill
1931, Harry Beck

Graphic designer Harry's Back (1903-1974) created a map of London Underground (London Underground Map) in 1931. An abstract work that contains little relation to the physical scale. Beck focused on the needs of the user of how to get from one station to another station and where to change trains.

Harry Beck
Gb.12. Harry Beck London Subway Photos
Gb.13. London Underground Map
1950s, International Style

International or Swiss style is based on the revolutionary principle in the 1920s such as De Stijl, Bauhaus and Neue Typography, and it became official in the 1950s. Grid, the principles of mathematics, a little decoration and sans serif typeface to be the rule as typography enhanced to better show the function of universal rather than personal expression.

International
Gb.14. The cover of the book from Taschen
1951, Helvetica

Created by Max Miedinger a designer from Switzerland, Helvetica is one of the most popular types of letters and famous in the world. Clean-looking, with no stripes does not make sense based on the letter Akzidenz-Grotesk. Initially called the Hass Grostesk, the name was changed to Helvetica in 1960. Helvetica family has a thickness of 34 models and 51 models have Helvetica Neue.

Helvetica
Gb.15. Helvetica book cover
1960s, Pop Art and psychedelia

Popular culture in the 1960s such as music, art, design and literature became more accessible and reflect on everyday life. By deliberately and clearly, Pop Art evolved as a reaction against abstract art. The picture below is a work of Milton Glaser poster featuring the silhouette of Marcel Duchamp's style combined with the calligraphy circle. In print for more than 6 million copies.

Milton Glaser
Gb.16. Poster by Milton Glaser
1984, émigrés

American graphic design magazine, émigrés is the first publication to use Macintosh computers, and affect graphic designers to switch to desktop publishing (DTP). The magazine also acts as a forum for experimental typography.